The labor shortage is at its highest level in 10 years. 7 out of 10 jobs are affected, mainly in the so-called "tele-fragile" sectors, i.e. sectors incompatible with remote work.
There are "70,000 unfilled jobs in the industry", the minister Roland Lescure assured the employers at the end of August.
Marked by the wave of company closures in the 1980s, the sector has been under stress for several years, which has been accentuated by the health crisis.
The metal industry is particularly hard hit: boilermakers, sheet metal workers and welders are among the 10 jobs where recruiting will be the most difficult in 2022, according to the Pôle Emploi's "Labour Requirements" survey, published in April.
The situation can be explained "in part by the mismatch between supply and demand" for employees, explains David Derré, director of employment and training at the UIMM, the sector's employers' union, which intends to put forward "the issue of strategic sovereignty" that this sector has to attract candidates.
The construction
In July, 61% of construction companies said they were having difficulty recruiting, according to a Banque de France report published in August.
According to Pôle Emploi, roofers are at the top of the list of the most difficult jobs to fill. Also in the top 10 are carpenters and fitters.
"We could do much better (accept more sites, etc.) if we were able to recruit more easily," said Jean-Christophe Repon, president of the Confederation of Crafts and Small Building Companies (Capeb) at a press conference Tuesday.
Transportation
School buses, public transport, trains and even air transport: no sector of passenger transport escapes the shortage of employees, with a consequent deterioration in service for users.
According to the Banque de France, 78% of companies in the sector reported difficulties in recruiting in July.
The main reason for this dislike is the unattractive working conditions and wages. "You have to work weekends, evenings and holidays. You have to forget about vacations in July and August, especially at the beginning," says Didier Mathis, secretary general of Unsa-Ferroviaire.
To make up for the lack of staff, airline companies are looking to recruit now for next season. The RATP is even offering a 300 euro bonus to each agent who proposes a candidate who is finally selected. And Keolis is deploying a "Travelling Employment Bus" with a driving simulator to look for potential candidates.
The education sector is affected by an unprecedented crisis in teacher recruitment, with more than 4,000 unfilled positions in this year's competitive exams, out of 27,300 open positions in the public and private sectors (and 850,000 teachers in total).
To meet this shortage, the Ministry of Education has recruited contract teachers, with 3,000 people hired for this new school year, according to the Ministry.
In the longer term, the government is working to make the profession more attractive again by increasing teachers' salaries so that no one starts their career "at less than 2,000 euros net" per month by the start of the school year 2023, according to the government.
The care and social professions
According to Pôle Emploi , the 10 most difficult jobs to recruit for are home helpers and housekeepers, in second place. In ninth place are nurses, nursing managers and childcare workers.
These professionals had to continue working during the health crisis and found themselves on the "front line" with working conditions made particularly difficult by the virus.
Some representatives of these sectors denounce the lack of funding, despite the investments of the Segur de la Santé announced last year.
Nearly half of the crèches are also understaffed. At the end of August, the government relaxed the recruitment criteria.
Across the non-profit health, medical-social and healthcare sector, some 45,000 positions are up for grabs, according to estimates by Nexem, one of the sector's leading professional organizations.
Engineers, consulting and digital
Companies are also short of engineers and consultants, due to a "shortage of talent" and "strong competition from companies for certain profiles", according to the Syntec federation, which groups together unions in these professions.
Since the health crisis, the federation has noted a desire "to work differently", with many executives asking for a four-day week or more of telecommuting, for example.
The difficulties are particularly strong in the digital sector, where 79% of companies cited the "lack of talent" as the main obstacle to their growth in May, according to a survey commissioned by Numeum, the sector's professional federation.
The Minister for Digital Affairs, Jean-Noël Barrot, has made the recruitment crisis one of his priorities.
In consulting, employers are opting for a "diversification of profiles", according to Syntec. In other words, by recruiting from less reputable schools, for example. In this sector where telecommuting is already developed, some companies even let their employees work 100% remotely.
Frédéric Ganet, Tereos Global HR Director: Telecommuting as a new recruitment challenge. Extract from the Lucky Day X Offishall podcast
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